ScienCell's GeneQuery™ Human CTLA4 Checkpoint Pathway qPCR Array Kit (GQH-CTL) is designed to facilitate gene expression profiling of 88 key genes involved in the human CTLA4 checkpoint pathway and to help identify potential prognostic biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy.  CTLA4 is a negative regulator of T cell immune function. It regulates T cell priming in the initial stage of antigen stimulation. CTLA4 can antagonize CD28 signaling in T cells, as CTLA4 and CD28 compete for the same binding ligands, CD80 and CD86. Cancer immunotherapy using CTLA4 immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) has emerged as a promising strategy to activate antitumor T cell responses, and has led to new immunotherapies for  various solid and hematological tumors. Brief examples of how genes may be grouped according to their functions are shown below:     

•   CTLA4 downstream immune response:  ZAP70, TRAT1, PTPN11, PIK3R1, PLD1, ARF1, NFKB1, NFATC2, JUN, FOS, BCL2
•   CD28 signaling:  NFATC2, NFKB1/2, GRB2, VAV1, PTPN6, PI3Ks, SNX9, MALT1, CARD11, BCL10, GRAP2
•   AKT signaling / Cell survival:  AKT1/2/3, PTPN2, PTPN6, PTPN11, CDKN1B, BCL2L1, PDPK1, PIK3CA, PIK3CG
•   Co-stimulatory/inhibitory pathway / T cell activation:  CTLA4, CD28, CD80, CD86, PDCD1, CD274, CD276, CD8, CD3, CD4, ICOS, CD27, PDCD1LG2, TNFRSF4/9/18, CSK, LCK, PTCRA
•   Other T cell markers: BATF, BCL6, CCR6, CD44, CD69, CXCR3/5, HLA-ABC, ICOSLG, IL2RA, IL7R, SELL

GeneQuery™ qPCR array kits are qPCR ready in a 96-well plate format, with each well containing one primer set that can specifically recognize and efficiently amplify a target gene's cDNA. The carefully designed primers ensure that: (i) the optimal annealing temperature in qPCR analysis is 65°C (with 2 mM Mg²⁺, and no DMSO); (ii) the primer set recognizes all known transcript variants of target gene, unless otherwise indicated; and (iii) only one gene is amplified. Each primer set has been validated by qPCR with melt curve analysis, and gel electrophoresis. 

Note: all gene names follow their official symbols by the Human Genome Organization Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC).